ISO

8.ISO

ISO stands for two different terms altogether: ISO (International Standards Organization) was founded in 1947. It is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies from some 100 countries. According to them, 'ISO' is not an abbreviation. It is a word, derived from the Greek 'isos', meaning 'equal'. 

It, along with many standards, supports Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), a universal reference model for communication protocols. Many national standards organizations such as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) are one of the major contributors to setting ISO standards.

The ISO 9660 file system, is a standard for storing data on a CD ROM, which allows you to read it across platforms such as PC, MAC, or other major computer platforms. It was issued by a company known as High Sierra in 1988.CD ROM authoring is made up of different levels.

In Level 1, file names must be in the 8.3 format not more than eight characters in the name, and not more than three characters in the extension and in capital letters. Directory names are a maximum of 8 characters, and there can be no more than eight nested directory levels. 

Level 2 and 3 specifications allow file names of up to 32 characters long.

Joliet, an extension to ISO 9660 from Microsoft, allows the use of Unicode characters in file names for international users and file names up to 64 characters in length